Breech-loading fire-arm



WQ M. FARROW. BREECH LQADING FIRE ARM.

(No Model.)

'1 Patented 00t.14,1884

/fnlf ma l p 3 W/ UNITED f STA ns Fcl@ l W". MILTON FARROV, OFF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

BREEoH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 306,391, dated Octaber4 14. 1884.

Application filed May 20, 1884. (No model.)

therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to breech-loading rearms of the class in which the breech-block reeiprocates vertically, or nearly so, in a mortise in the receiver.`

rlhe invention consists in certain improvements in the lock and trigger mechanism, and the connection of the same with the breechblock and its operating mechanism; also, in

certain improvements in the cartridge-shellj extracting device and its connection with the breech-operating mechanism. y

In thcdrawings, which form part of this specification, Figure l is a longitudinal section of the breech mechanism of an arm made according to this invention, the breech being closed. Fig. 2 isa similar section, parts being broken away, of same arm with breech open. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are details. Fig. Gis a modification.

A indicates the stock, and B the barrel. These parts are substantially the4 same vas in the well-known Ballard rifle. l

C is the breech-block," which is opened and closed by means of leverD and a link-connection, as is usual. l

E is the hammer, which is carried by the breech-block C, being pivoted in said block, and operated by a coiled main spring or springs, F, wound about the pivotal pin. The hammer ll has a notch, e, on its comb, with which the scar G engages when the block is drawn down far enoughfor said notch to pass the end of the sear. Sear G is pivoted at g, and has an arm, H, pivoted to itself at l1. The scar, being pivoted nearly over the notch or projection on the comb of the hammer, receives the pressure of the mainspring in nearly a direct li-ne, and needs to rock `but slightly on its pivot to be free from engagement with the hammer. The weight of arm H tends to throw the scar. forward; or it may be pressed forward by a spiral spring wound round its pivotal pin. Sear-aria .H has a mort-isc at h', into which a projection, fi, on the seal-spring I exdesired.

I tends when the scar-spring is not lifted out of I engagement therewith by the trigger, as hereinafter explained. The trigger K is pivoted in lever D, and its upper end extends through the bottom frame'and through the mortise in arm H when the breech is fully closed. sage of the end of the trigger through the seararm lifts the projection z' `on the scar-spring:

This pas-y t out of the `mort-isc in the arm. The arlnand sear are ,then under control of the trigger, and

not of the spring I. The trigger K is also provided ivith an adjustable finger-piece at K', which, being moved nearer or farther from the pivotal pin of the trigger by reason of its different leverage, lessens or increases the amount of power necessary to release the scar. By this adjustment of the finger-piece the marksman is enabled to use the arm with either the military or sporting pull, or to adjust the pull necessary to `fire the piece, as may be This could not `be done with eertainty by merely changing the position of the finger on the trigger. The trigger is locked in forward position by bar or spring L, which is pivoted in lever D, until such bar or spring is lifted, so that its free end no longer engages with the incline L 011 the trigger K. The extractor M may be borne on the pivot-pin d of the lever D, and have eccentric engagement with said pivotpin, which `pin will be'rocked by t-he movement ot' lever D; or it may be borne onan eccentric projection, di, of the lever, encircling the pivot-pin d. (See Fig. 6.) The lever D may have a shoulder, d', which projects in front of the extractor, and when the lever D is thrown down comes against the frontof said extractor M and rocks it backward. The movement of the lever to open the breech by reason of the cam engagement of the lever with the extractor tends to lift said extractor, which is wedgeshaped, and force the wedge portion up behind the cartridge-flange, thus starting the shell with a powerful wedge action. As soon as the breech-block is down far enough for the sh ell to pass over it the projection d or ll| comes against the bearing-surface of the extractor and rocks it back. Then lneech-block passes the end of scar G, the scar is forced back and catches in front ofthe notch, as usual in gun-locks. Then, when lever I) is closed, the breech-block is raised; but as' the comb of the hammer is held from rising by the sear thc hammer turns on its pivot, and the hammer is cocked against the pressure of the mainspring. The trigger, when the lever is closed, ent-ers the nlortise in arm H and lifts thc spring I out of engagement. The trigger is, however, held forward by bar L until the moment of ring,when the pressure of the ngers in grasping the small of the stock will lift the bar L, thus leaving the trigger free to be pulled, and the arm may be iircd without overcoming any spring, the very slight friction caused by rocking the scar on its pivot and disengaging it from the ham mer being the only resistance to be overcome.

Itis apparent that two extractors may be used, one on each side of the cartridge-shell.

I claim-- f 1. A reciprocating breech-block, ahainmer pivoted in and carried by the same, a sear pivoted in the frame so as to engage a projection i on the hammer, and a trigger vpivoted in the lever so as to engage the sear when the lever is closed, all in combination, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination, with the hammer and scar, of a trigger pivoted in the guard-lever so as to'be in engagement with the scar only when the lever is closed, and a safety-stop in the guard-lever bearing against the trigger to hold it forward until said stop lis lifted, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with the hammer and pivoted Sear, of mortised arm pivoted to the Sear, a spring bearing on said arm and having aprojection which enters the mortise when free to doA so, and a trigger carried by the guard-lever, which enters said mortise and forces out the projection on the spring when the lever is closed, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the breech-block and its pivoted operating-lever, of a wedgeshaped extractor hung on the pivot of the operating-lever, and actuating mechanism for said extractor, substantially as described, so that the first movement of the extractor shall have a wedge-likc action on'the shell, and the further movement swing the extractor back, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the operatinglever having an eccentric pivot, of the wedgeshaped extractor eccentrically hung on said projection, and a shoulder or projection on the lever to engage the front 'offthe extractor and swing it backward as the lever completes its downward movement,substantiallyas set forth.

6. The combination, with the trigger of a fire-arm, of a finger-piece longitudinally adjustable thereon, whereby the leverage of the trigger and consequent pull necessary to fire the. arm may be increased or diminished.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

W. MILTON FARROVV.

Witnesses:

SAMrsoN A. REED, A. MCMULLEN. 

